Nyob rau hauv 1955, Jilin Carbon Factory, Tuam Tshoj tus thawj graphite electrode enterprise, tau raug muab tso rau hauv lub lag luam nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kws txawj los ntawm lub qub Soviet Union. Hauv keeb kwm kev loj hlob ntawm graphite electrode, muaj ob lub cim Suav.
Graphite electrode, kub resistant graphite khoom, muaj cov khoom zoo heev ntawm kev ua tam sim no thiab tsim hluav taws xob, feem ntau yog siv hauv kev tsim khoomhlau.
Hauv keeb kwm ntawm cov khoom lag luam dav dav, xyoo no graphite electrode tsis nyob twj ywm. Tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm kev lag luam graphite electrode yog 21393 yuan / tuj,nce 51%los ntawm tib lub sijhawm xyoo tas los. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, cov kwv tij hauv tsev graphite electrode loj (kev lag luam feem ntau tshaj 20%) - Fang Da carbon (600516) hauv thawj peb lub hlis twg ntawm lub xyoo no cov nyiaj tau los ntawm 3.57 billion yuan, kev loj hlob ntawm 37%. , rov qab mus rau niam net profit loj hlob ntawm 118%. Qhov kev ua tiav zoo nkauj no tau nyiam ntau dua 30 lub koom haum los tshawb xyuas hauv lub lim tiam dhau los, ntawm cov uas muaj ntau lub tuam txhab nrhiav nyiaj txiag loj xws li Efonda thiab Harvest.
Thiab cov phooj ywg uas xyuam xim rau kev lag luam hluav taws xob hluav taws xob txhua tus paub tias nyob rau hauv lub nrig hlau ntawm lub tuam tsev siv hluav taws xob ob chav tswj, kev siv hluav taws xob siab thiab kev lag luam muaj kuab paug siab tau tso tseg thiab kaw. Steel mills raws li ob lub lag luam siab yuav tsum tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv hebei hlau thiab steel xeev yog qhov tseem ceeb. Raws li qhov tseeb, tsawg dua steel ntau lawm, qhov kev thov rau graphite electrode kuj yuav poob qis, nrog cov ntiv taw tuaj yeem xav txog, graphite electrode nqi yuav tsum poob ah.
1. Yog tsis muaj graphite electrodes, hluav taws xob arc rauv yeej tsis ua hauj lwm
Txhawm rau kom nkag siab ntau ntxiv ntawm graphite electrodes, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los qhib cov saw hlau rau me ntsis saib. Upstream, graphite electrode rau roj av coke, koob coke ob cov khoom siv tshuaj raws li raw khoom, los ntawm 11 txoj kev npaj,1 tuj ntawm graphite electrode xav tau 1.02 tons ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv, ntau lawm voj voog ntawm ntau tshaj 50 hnub, cov khoom nqi accounted rau ntau tshaj 65%.
Raws li kuv tau hais, graphite electrodes ua hluav taws xob. Raws li qhov tso cai tam sim no ceev, graphite electrodes tuaj yeem muab faib ntxiv rautsis tu ncua lub zog, siab zog thiab ultra-siab zoggraphite electrodes. Ntau hom electrodes muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg.
Nyob rau hauv tus dej, graphite electrodes yog siv nyob rau hauv arc furnaces, industrial silicon thiabdaj phosphorusntau lawm, steel ntau lawm feem ntau suav txog txog80%ntawm tag nrho cov kev siv graphite electrodes, tus nqi tsis ntev los no yog vim kev lag luam steel. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, nrog rau tus naj npawb ntawm ultra-siab zog EAF steels nrog cov nqi zoo dua, graphite electrodes tseem tab tom txhim kho rau ultra-siab zog, uas muaj kev ua tau zoo dua li lub zog zoo tib yam. Leej twg tus tswvultra siab zog graphite electrodetechnology, leej twg yuav coj lub lag luam yav tom ntej. Tam sim no, lub ntiaj teb sab saum toj 10 manufacturers ntawm ultra-siab zog graphite electrodes account rau txog 44.4% ntawm tag nrho cov zis ntawm ultra-siab zog graphite electrodes nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Kev ua lag luam yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab lub teb chaws tseem ceeb yog Nyiv.
Yuav kom nkag siab zoo dua hauv qab no, ntawm no yog ib qho kev qhia luv luv ntawm txoj kev ua hlau. Feem ntau hais lus, hlau thiab hlau smelting yog muab faib uatawg rauvthiabhluav taws xob arc rauv: lub qub yuav yog hlau ore, coke thiab lwm yam smelting npua hlau, thiab ces ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm oxygen tshuab converter, lub molten hlau decarbonization rau hauv cov kua steel steelmaking. Lwm qhov siv kom zoo dua ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab thermal ntawm graphite electrodes kom yaj cov hlau thiab ua rau cov hlau.
Yog li ntawd, graphite electrode rau EAF steel ua, zoo li PVDF rau lithium anode, qhov kev xav tau tsis ntau (1 tuj ntawm cov hlau tsuas yog 1.2-2.5kg graphite electrode), tab sis nws yeej tsis muaj peev xwm tsis muaj nws. Thiab yuav tsis muaj qhov hloov pauv sai sai no.
2. Ob qhov hluav taws kub, nchuav tawm lub peev xwm graphite electrode
Tsis tsuas yog steel, graphite electrode ntau lawm kuj yog ib tug siab zog noj thiab siab emissions kev lag luam, lub neej yav tom ntej expansion ntawm lub peev xwm yog tsis optimistic. Kev tsim tawm ntawm ib tuj ntawm graphite electrode siv li ntawm 1.7 tons ntawm cov qauv thee, thiab yog tias hloov mus rau 2.66 tons ntawm carbon dioxide ib tuj ntawm cov qauv thee, ib tuj ntawm graphite electrode emits txog 4.5 tons ntawm carbon dioxide rau cov cua. Inner Mongolia tsis pom zoo graphite electrode project xyoo no yog ib qho pov thawj zoo.
Tsav los ntawm ob lub hom phiaj carbon thiab lub ntsiab lus ntsuab, cov txiaj ntsig txhua xyoo ntawm graphite electrodes kuj tau poob rau thawj zaug hauv plaub xyoos. Nyob rau hauv 2017, lub ntiaj teb no eAF steel kev lag luam rov qab, tsav tsheb qhov kev thov rau graphite electrode, graphite electrode players tau nce ntau lawm thiab muaj peev xwm nthuav, Graphite electrode nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj los ntawm 2017 mus rau 2019 qhia ib tug siab kev loj hlob.
Lub voj voog, yog cov dej ntws ntws, cov dej ntws qis noj noodles.
Vim tias kev nqis peev ntau dhau thiab tsim cov graphite electrode hauv kev lag luam, ua rau cov khoom lag luam ntau dhau ntawm kev lag luam, qhib cov channel downwards ntawm kev lag luam, cov khoom muag clearance tau dhau los ua lub suab nrov. Xyoo 2020, tag nrho cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm lub ntiaj teb graphite electrode poob los ntawm 340,000 tons, nqis siab li 22%, Tuam Tshoj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob graphite kuj tau txo qis los ntawm 800,000 tons mus rau 730,000 tons, xyoo no cov txiaj ntsig tiag tiag tsuas yog yuav txo qis.
Ib hmos rov qab ua ntej liberation.
Ntau lawm muaj peev xwm tsis nce, tsis muaj nyiaj (tsawg paj tau paj), raw khoom nqi nce. Petroleum coke, koob coke tsis ntev los no ib lub lim tiam nce 300-600 yuan / tuj. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm peb nplooj graphite players nrog tsuas yog ib qho kev xaiv, uas yog nce nqi. Ordinary, siab zog, ultra-siab zog peb graphite electrode khoom nce tus nqi. Raws li Baichuan Yingfu daim ntawv tshaj tawm, txawm tias tus nqi nce, Tuam Tshoj lub lag luam graphite electrode tseem nyob hauv cov khoom tsis txaus, qee cov tuam ntxhab yuav luag tsis muaj cov khoom muag graphite electrode, kev khiav hauj lwm nce ntxiv.
3. Steel transformation, rau graphite electrode qhib lub tswv yim qhov chaw
Yog tias kev txwv ntau lawm, cov nqi nce thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig yog cov tsav tsheb tom qab tus nqi nce ntawm graphite electrodes tom qab lub voj voog qis, kev hloov pauv ntawm kev lag luam steel qhib kev xav rau yav tom ntej tus nqi nce ntawm high-end graphite electrodes.
Tam sim no, kwv yees li 90% ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev yog los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua hluav taws xob (coke), uas muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog lub teb chaws xav tau ntawm steel peev xwm hloov thiab kho dua tshiab, txuag hluav taws xob thiab txo cov pa roj carbon, qee cov tuam txhab hlau tau hloov los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob rau hluav taws xob arc rauv. Cov kev cai cuam tshuam tau tshaj tawm xyoo tas los kuj tau taw qhia tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau suav txog ntau dua 15% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv roj av, thiab siv zog ua kom tiav 20%. Raws li tau hais los saum no, vim tias graphite electrode tseem ceeb heev rau hluav taws xob arc rauv, nws kuj tsis ncaj qha txhim kho cov kev xav tau ntawm graphite electrode.
Nws tsis yog tsis muaj laj thawj tias qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm EAF steel yuav tsum tau txhim kho. Tsib xyoos dhau los, lub ntiaj teb hluav taws xob arc rauv hlau tsim feem pua ntawm cov khoom siv hlau tsis zoo tau mus txog 25.2%, Tebchaws Asmeskas, European Union 27 lub tebchaws yog 62.7%, 39.4%, peb lub tebchaws nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm kev vam meej muaj ntau qhov chaw. , yog li txhawm rau txhawb cov graphite electrode thov.
Yog li, nws tuaj yeem kwv yees tau yooj yim tias yog tias cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm EAF steel suav txog li 20% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm cov hlau tsis huv hauv xyoo 2025, thiab cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm cov hlau tsis huv yog xam raws li 800 lab tons / xyoo, Tuam Tshoj tus graphite electrode xav tau hauv 2025 yog kwv yees li 750,000 tons. Frost Sullivan kwv yees tias tsawg kawg lub quarter thib plaub ntawm lub xyoo no tseem muaj qee qhov chaw khiav.
Nws yog qhov tseeb tias graphite electrode nce nrawm, txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov hluav taws xob arc rauv siv.
4. Ua kom tiav
Nyob rau hauv xaus, graphite electrode muaj zog lub sij hawm, thiab nws daim ntawv thov scenarios yog kuj yooj yim, uas yog heev cuam tshuam los ntawm downstream steel kev lag luam. Tom qab kev nce qib los ntawm 2017 txog 2019, nws tau qis dua xyoo tas los. Xyoo no, nyob rau hauv qhov kev txwv ntau lawm, cov nyiaj tau los tsawg thiab tus nqi siab, tus nqi ntawm graphite electrode tau qis dua thiab cov nqi khiav lag luam tseem nce ntxiv.
Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nrog rau kev hloov pauv ntsuab thiab cov pa roj carbon tsawg ntawm cov hlau thiab hlau kev lag luam, EAF steel yuav dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb catalyst los tsav qhov nce ntawm graphite electrode xav tau, tab sis kev hloov pauv thiab kho dua tshiab yuav yog cov txheej txheem ntev. Soaring nqi rau graphite electrodes tej zaum yuav tsis yooj yim li ntawd.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-08-2021