Cov anodes silicon-carbon tab tom pib qhov kev sib tw dav dav rau cov anodes graphite (suav nrog graphitized petroleum coke) nrog kev tshawb pom tshiab thiab kev txo nqi. Txawm li cas los xij, "lub zwm txwv" ntawm graphite anodes tseem ruaj khov rau lub sijhawm luv luv, thaum ntsib kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev hloov pauv rau lub sijhawm ntev. Cov kev tshuaj xyuas hauv qab no yog ua los ntawm peb qhov ntev: thev naus laus zis, tus nqi, thiab kev siv lag luam.
I. Kev Ntsuas Txog Kev Siv Tshuab: "Kev Ua Tau Zoo Dua" ntawm Silicon-Carbon Anodes piv rau "Limiting Bottleneck" ntawm Graphite Anodes
Cov Kev Zoo Tshaj Plaws ntawm Silicon-Carbon Anodes
- Kev Tswj Xyuas Zog: Lub peev xwm tshwj xeeb theoretical ntawm silicon (4200mAh / g) yog ntau dua kaum npaug ntawm graphite (372mAh / g). Silicon-carbon anodes npaj los ntawm CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) qhia txog kev nce 50% ntawm lub zog ceev piv rau graphite ib txwm muaj, nrog rau lub neej voj voog tshaj 1000 lub voj voog (piv txwv li, Shanghai Xiba's mesoporous carbon skeleton technology txo qhov electrode o rau 5%).
- Kev Txo Qhov Teeb Meem Ntawm Kev Nthuav Dav: Cov khoom me me ntawm silicon uas muaj cov pob txha carbon uas muaj qhov porous ua ke tsim cov qauv "breathing maze", ua kom cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm silicon nthuav dav zoo. Piv txwv li, Tesla lub roj teeb 4680, siv CVD silicon-carbon anodes, ua tiav ntau dua 2500 lub voj voog thiab ua rau them tau sai hauv 8 feeb.
- Kev Sib Txuas Zoo Dua ntawm Cov Txheej Txheem: Cov anodes silicon-carbon tuaj yeem koom ua ke nrog cov electrolytes semi-solid, txhim kho kev nyab xeeb thiab lub zog ceev. Beijing Lier's silicon-carbon anodes, ua ke nrog cov electrolytes sulfide solid, ua tiav lub zog ceev tshaj 500Wh / kg thiab lub neej voj voog ntawm 2000 voj voog.
"Cov nyhuv ntawm qab nthab" ntawm Graphite Anodes
- Kev Txwv ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm: Lub peev xwm tshwj xeeb ntawm cov graphite anodes yuav luag txog nws qhov siab tshaj plaws theoretical (360mAh / g), nrog rau cov teeb meem xws li kev sib raug zoo electrolyte tsis zoo thiab lub peev xwm ploj mus vim yog SEI (Solid Electrolyte Interphase) zaj duab xis tsim thaum lub sijhawm them / tawm thawj zaug.
- Muaj Peev Xwm Hloov Kho Tsawg: Txawm hais tias kev hloov kho siv cov pa roj carbon mos, cov pa roj carbon tawv, lossis cov pa roj carbon nanotubes tuaj yeem ua tau, lawv tsis tuaj yeem dhau qhov zoo ntawm lub peev xwm theoretical ntawm cov khoom siv silicon. Piv txwv li, cov pa roj carbon tawv, thaum muab lub peev xwm tshwj xeeb siab dua li graphite, tsis muaj lub platform them-tawm ruaj khov thiab muaj peev xwm lwj sai.
II. Qhov Ntsuas Tus Nqi: Tus "Nqe Txo Tus Nqi" ntawm Silicon-Carbon Anodes piv rau "Tus Nqi Zoo" ntawm Graphite Anodes
Kev Txo Nqi hauv Silicon-Carbon Anodes
- Kev Pab Txhawb Nqa Silane Gas: Silane gas (SiH₄), ib yam khoom siv tseem ceeb rau silicon-carbon anodes, yav dhau los vam khom rau kev xa khoom tuaj (tus nqi txog li 2 lab yuan / ton). Txij li xyoo 2023, cov tuam txhab ua lag luam tau ua tiav kev tsim khoom hauv tsev los ntawm kev tsim cov kab ntau lawm, txo cov nqi mus rau 750,000 yuan / ton. Qhov no tau tsav tus nqi ntawm silicon-carbon anodes los ntawm 1.5 lab yuan / ton mus rau 750,000 yuan / ton, ze li 1.5 npaug ntawm tus nqi ntawm graphite anodes (kwv yees li 500,000 yuan / ton).
- Kev Nthuav Dav ntawm Cov Txheej Txheem CVD: Cov nqi khoom siv CVD hauv tebchaws tau poob qis mus rau ib feem peb ntawm cov khoom sib piv los ntawm txawv teb chaws, nrog rau lub peev xwm ntawm ib lub tshuab nce peb npaug. Piv txwv li, lub tuam txhab ua lag luam CVD lub peev xwm tsim khoom tau nce ntxiv los ntawm 100 tons / xyoo mus rau 5000 tons / xyoo, txo cov nqi khoom los ntawm 40%.
- Kev Muaj Peev Xwm Nyiaj Txiag: Yog tias tus nqi silicon-carbon anode poob qis txog 1.5 npaug ntawm graphite, tus nqi nce rau lub tsheb fais fab A00-chav kawm uas muaj roj teeb 30kWh yuav yog kwv yees li 2000 yuan, thaum xa cov nqi nce 15%, muab kev siv nyiaj tsim nyog.
"Tus nqi Moat" ntawm Graphite Anodes
- Tus nqi khoom siv raw qis: Cov khoom siv graphite anode raw, xws li roj av coke thiab koob coke, qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi tsawg kawg nkaus (piv txwv li, roj av coke graphitized tus nqi ntawm 1620-3000 yuan / ton).
- Cov Txheej Txheem Tsim Khoom Loj: Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom rau graphite anodes (crushing, granulation, classification, high-temperature graphitization) yog tus qauv siab, ua rau kev tswj tus nqi nyob rau hauv kev tsim khoom loj.
- Qhov Zoo Ntawm Tus Nqi Luv: Hauv cov ntawv thov khaws cia hluav taws xob (rhiab rau lub neej voj voog tab sis tsis tas yuav siv zog ntau) thiab kev lag luam tsheb fais fab qis, cov graphite anodes tseem muaj qhov zoo ntawm tus nqi.
III. Qhov Kev Siv Lag Luam: "Kev Nkag Mus Rau Hauv Lag Luam" ntawm Silicon-Carbon Anodes piv rau "Kev Lag Luam Uas Muaj Lawm" ntawm Graphite Anodes
"Kev Loj Hlob Siab" ntawm Silicon-Carbon Anodes
- Cov Roj Teeb Fais Fab: Cov tuam txhab ua lag luam xws li CATL thiab Tesla tau tsim cov roj teeb anode silicon-carbon ntau heev. Kev thov thoob ntiaj teb rau cov anode silicon-carbon yuav nce mus txog 60,000-70,000 tons txog xyoo 2026, uas yog sib npaug rau qhov loj ntawm kev lag luam ntawm 18-21 billion yuan.
- Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Rau Cov Neeg Siv Khoom: Cov anodes silicon-carbon tau nkag mus rau hauv ntau dua 25% ntawm cov xov tooj ntse siab (piv txwv li, Honor Magic5 Pro), ua rau lub roj teeb muaj peev xwm nce ntxiv 15% thaum ntxiv tsuas yog 0.1 hli tuab.
- Cov Roj Teeb Khoom Siv Khoom: Cov anodes silicon-carbon, ua ke nrog cov electrolytes khoom, sawv cev rau kev coj ua thev naus laus zis mus sij hawm ntev. Piv txwv li, Beijing Lier's silicon-carbon anodes, ua ke nrog cov electrolytes khoom sulfide, ua tiav cov zog ntom ntom tshaj 500Wh / kg.
"Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Lag Luam Uas Muaj Lawm" ntawm Graphite Anodes
- Kev Tswjfwm Feem Lag Luam: Tam sim no cov graphite anodes suav txog ntau dua 95% ntawm kev lag luam cov khoom siv lithium-ion roj teeb anode (nrog rau graphite cuav muaj 80%), ua rau kev hloov pauv tag nrho tsis zoo li yuav tshwm sim hauv lub sijhawm luv luv.
- Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Kev Lag Luam Niche: Hauv kev khaws cia lub zog (piv txwv li, kev khaws cia faib) thiab kev lag luam tsheb fais fab qis, cov graphite anodes tseem nyob ruaj khov vim muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm tus nqi thiab lub neej voj voog tshaj 6000 voj voog.
IV. Yav Tom Ntej Kev Xav: Cov Graphite Anodes Yuav Khaws Lawv Lub "Thoob Plaws" Tau Ntev Npaum Li Cas?
- Lub Sij Hawm Luv (1-3 Xyoos): Cov graphite anodes yuav tseem yog cov tseem ceeb, tab sis cov silicon-carbon anodes yuav ua rau muaj kev nkag mus sai sai hauv cov roj teeb fais fab thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab.
- Lub Sijhawm Nruab Nrab (3-5 Xyoos): Yog tias tus nqi ntawm silicon-carbon anode sib npaug nrog cov graphite anodes (xav tias yuav txog xyoo 2026), lawv lub zog ceev thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev them ceev yuav tsav kev hloov pauv loj hauv kev khaws cia lub zog thiab kev lag luam tsheb fais fab qis.
- Lub Sijhawm Ntev (5+ Xyoos): Cov anodes silicon-carbon, ua ke nrog cov electrolytes khov kho, tuaj yeem dhau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm cov thev naus laus zis roj teeb tiam tom ntej, uas muaj peev xwm rhuav tshem cov graphite anodes txoj kev tswj hwm.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-22-2025