Cnooc (Qingdao) Heavy Oil Processing Engineering Technology Research Center Co., LTD
Cov Khoom Siv Kho Tshuab, Qhov Teeb Meem 32, 2021
Abstract: Kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm Suav kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis tau txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam hauv zej zog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj tau txhim kho peb lub zog kev lag luam thiab tag nrho lub teb chaws lub zog. Raws li ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem steelmaking Circuit Court, koob coke yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov graphite electrodes. Nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv roj teeb lithium, nrog rau hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob nuclear thiab kev lag luam aviation. Nrog rau kev txhawb nqa keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, kev ua kom zoo dua qub thiab txhim kho ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob steelmaking tau raug txhawb nqa, thiab cov qauv sib xws thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm rab koob coke hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tau raug hloov kho tas li, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhuam hniav ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev tsim kho kev sib raug zoo. Vim yog cov khoom siv sib txawv siv hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, koob coke muab faib ua roj av series thiab thee series. Raws li cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias roj av series koob coke muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj zog dua li cov thee series. Hauv daim ntawv no, peb kawm txog qhov xwm txheej tam sim no ntawm kev lag luam roj av thiab cov teeb meem hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cov cuab yeej siv, thiab tshuaj xyuas cov teeb meem hauv kev tsim khoom thiab cov teeb meem cuam tshuam txog kev siv roj av koob tsom.
I. Kev Taw Qhia
Koob coke plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov graphite electrode. Los ntawm cov xwm txheej tam sim no, cov teb chaws tsim kho txawv teb chaws xws li Tebchaws Meskas thiab Nyij Pooj tau pib ua ntej ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab tsim cov koob coke, thiab kev siv cov thev naus laus zis muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev paub tab, thiab lawv tau ua tiav cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tseem ceeb ntawm petroleum koob coke. Hauv kev sib piv, kev tshawb fawb ywj pheej thiab kev tsim cov koob hauv cov roj tsom mus pib lig. Tab sis nrog kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm peb txoj kev lag luam kev lag luam, txhawb kev nthuav dav ntawm ntau yam kev lag luam, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm rab koob hauv cov roj tsom tau ua kom muaj kev vam meej hauv xyoo tas los no, ua tiav kev tsim khoom lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj qee qhov tsis zoo hauv kev ua tau zoo thiab siv cov txiaj ntsig piv nrog cov khoom tuaj txawv teb chaws.Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom pom tseeb qhov kev txhim kho kev lag luam tam sim no thiab kev teeb meem hauv cov roj av.
Ii. Kev taw qhia thiab kev txheeb xyuas ntawm kev siv roj av koob coke thev naus laus zis
(1) Kev tshuaj xyuas txog kev txhim kho tam sim no ntawm roj av koob coke hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws
Petroleum koob coke thev naus laus zis tau pib hauv Tebchaws Meskas hauv xyoo 1950s. Tab sis peb lub teb chaws yog officially qhib
Kev tshawb fawb ntawm thev naus laus zis thiab kev tsim cov roj av needling coke pib thaum xyoo 1980s. Raws li kev txhawb nqa ntawm lub teb chaws txoj cai ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho technology, Tuam Tshoj cov koom haum tshawb fawb tau pib ua ntau yam kev sim ntawm roj av needling coke thiab niaj hnub tshawb nrhiav thiab tshawb fawb ntau yam kev sim. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau xyoo 1990, peb lub teb chaws tau ua tiav ntau qhov kev sim tshawb fawb txog kev npaj ntawm rab koob tsom rau cov roj av, thiab thov rau cov cuab yeej siv patent. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov kev cai hauv tebchaws, ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv Sciences thiab cov tuam txhab muaj feem cuam tshuam tau nqis peev hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab txhawb kev tsim khoom thiab kev tsim khoom hauv kev lag luam. Kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho qib ntawm roj av koob-coke thev naus laus zis kuj tseem txhim kho tsis tu ncua. Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau qhov tshwm sim yog hais tias muaj ib tug loj domestic thov rau roj av koob-coke. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb hauv tsev thiab kev tsim kho thiab kev tsim khoom tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua lag luam, feem ntau ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev yog nyob ntawm cov khoom lag luam. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev pom ntawm qhov kev loj hlob tam sim no, txawm hais tias tam sim no tsom thiab kev saib xyuas rau cov roj av koob-tsim technology kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab kev tsim khoom yog nce, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm theem ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm technology, muaj qee qhov teeb meem uas ua rau muaj feem xyuam rau kev tshawb fawb technology. thiab kev txhim kho obstacles, uas ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv loj ntawm peb lub teb chaws thiab cov teb chaws tsim.
(2) Kev soj ntsuam daim ntawv thov kev lag luam ntawm cov tuam txhab roj av koob coke
Raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws zoo thiab siv cov txiaj ntsig, nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv qhov zoo ntawm roj av koob coke yog vim qhov sib txawv ntawm ob qhov ntsuas ntawm thermal expansion coefficient thiab particle loj faib, uas. qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom zoo [1]. Qhov kev tsis zoo no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim khoom nyuaj hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem cov ntsiab lus ntawm roj av koob coke, nws cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb yog feem ntau rau qib pretreatment ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv. Tam sim no, tsuas yog Shanxi Hongte Chemical Co., LTD., Sinosteel (Anshan) thiab Jinzhou Petrochemical tau paub ntau lawm. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, Jinzhou Petrochemical lub tuam txhab kev tsim thiab tsim system ntawm roj av koob coke yog tus paub tab, lub peev xwm ntawm cov cuab yeej ua tau zoo tsis tu ncua, thiab cov khoom muaj feem xyuam ua tau tuaj yeem ncav cuag nruab nrab thiab qib siab hauv kev ua lag luam, uas tuaj yeem siv rau siab. -lub zog los yog ultra-high-power steel ua electrodes.
Iii. Kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov roj av koob coke ua lag luam
(1) Nrog rau acceleration ntawm industrialization, qhov kev thov rau koob coke yog nce txhua hnub
Peb lub teb chaws yog lub teb chaws kev lag luam loj hauv ntiaj teb, uas yog txiav txim siab los ntawm hom ntawm peb cov qauv kev lag luam.
Hlau thiab hlau ntau lawm kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov kev lag luam tseem ceeb los txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm peb txoj kev lag luam. Raws li keeb kwm yav dhau los no, qhov kev thov rau kev xav tau nce ntxiv txhua hnub. Tab sis tam sim no, peb cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho qib thiab cov peev txheej tsim tsis tau raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog tias muaj qee qhov kev lag luam roj av tsom rau cov lag luam uas tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv zoo, thiab lub peev xwm ntau lawm tsis ruaj khov. Txawm hais tias qhov cuam tshuam txog kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tau nce mus rau tam sim no, tab sis xav ua kom tau raws li lub zog siab lossis ultra siab zog graphite electrode thiab muaj qhov sib txawv loj, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo hauv kev tswj xyuas cov khoom siv roj av tsom. Tam sim no, kev lag luam koob ntsuas coke tau muab faib ua roj av koob ntsuas coke thiab thee koob- ntsuas coke. Los ntawm qhov sib piv, roj av koob ntsuas coke yog me ntsis qis dua thee koob- ntsuas coke nyob rau hauv qhov project tsim kom muaj nuj nqis lossis qib kev loj hlob, uas kuj yog ib qho laj thawj tseem ceeb los cuam tshuam qhov kev nthuav dav zoo ntawm Suav roj av koob ntsuas coke. Tab sis nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev lag luam steel qib kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis, cov hlau tsim thiab kev tsim khoom thov rau ultra-siab zog graphite electrode yog nce. Qhov no tseem qhia tau tias nrog kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm peb cov kev tsim kho kev lag luam thiab kev nrawm ntawm cov txheej txheem kev lag luam, qhov kev thov rau koob coke yuav ntau dua thiab loj dua.
(2) Kev soj ntsuam ntawm tus nqi ntab ntawm koob coke lag luam
Raws li cov theem tam sim no ntawm kev tsim kho kev lag luam thiab kev hloov kho ntawm cov qauv kev lag luam thiab cov ntsiab lus kev lag luam ntawm peb lub teb chaws, nws tau pom tias cov roj av series ntawm koob ntsuas coking yog tsim nyog rau peb lub teb chaws ntau dua li cov thee series ntawm koob ntsuas coking, uas yuav Ntxiv rau qhov xwm txheej hauv tsev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev xa khoom thiab kev thov ntawm koob ntsuas coking, txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev thov ntawm cov roj av, peb tsuas yog tso siab rau kev xa khoom. Los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus nqi hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom tuaj txawv teb chaws nyob rau xyoo tas los no, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv roj av siv cov khoom siv coke tau nce siab txij li xyoo 2014. Yog li ntawd, rau kev lag luam hauv tsev, nrog kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab nce ntshuam. tus nqi, roj av koob coke yuav dhau los ua ib qho kev nqis peev tshiab hauv Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam koob coke [2].
Plaub, peb cov koob roj tsom rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab kev tsim cov cuab yeej technology nyuaj
(1) Kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv raw khoom ua ntej kev nyuaj
Los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim thiab tsim cov roj av koob-coke, nws tuaj yeem pom tias, rau pretreatment ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv, roj av yog lub ntsiab raw khoom, vim hais tias ntawm tshwj xeeb cov khoom siv roj av, cov roj crude yuav tsum tau. mined underground, thiab cov roj av crude nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws yuav siv ntau yam catalysts nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm mining thiab ua, thiaj li hais tias yuav muaj ib co impurities nyob rau hauv roj av. Txoj kev ua ntej no yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev tsim cov roj av koob coke. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov roj av nws tus kheej feem ntau yog aliphatic hydrocarbon, cov ntsiab lus ntawm aromatic hydrocarbon yog tsawg, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv roj av uas twb muaj lawm. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias kev tsim cov roj av zoo koob coke muaj cov kev cai nruj heev rau cov khoom siv raw, nrog rau cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide, thiab xaiv cov tsis tshua muaj leej faj, oxygen, asphaltene thiab lwm yam roj av raws li cov khoom siv raw, yuav tsum muaj cov khoom loj. sulfur yog tsawg dua 0.3%, thiab qhov loj ntawm asphaltene yog tsawg dua 1.0%. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov khoom qub, nws pom tias feem ntau ntawm cov roj crude ua tiav hauv peb lub teb chaws yog cov roj ntsha siab sulfur crude roj, thiab tsis muaj roj tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov koob coke nrog cov roj uas muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbon. cov ntsiab lus. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev tshem tawm impurities hauv cov roj. Lub caij no, Jinzhou Petrochemical, uas yog cov paub tab ntau dua hauv R & D thiab kev tsim khoom tam sim no, xav tau cov khoom siv raw uas tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov koob-taw qhia kom paub coke hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim thiab ua cov roj av koob-taw qhia kom paub coke. Qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab qhov tsis ruaj khov ntawm qhov zoo yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb txwv kev ruaj ntseg ntawm qhov zoo ntawm rab koob-oriented coke [3]. Shandong Yida Tshiab Khoom Co., Ltd. tsim thiab saws tus pretreatment ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv rau zus tau tej cov chav roj av koob coke
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntau txoj hauv kev tau txais los ua kom tshem tawm cov khoom me me. Ntxiv rau kev xaiv cov roj hnyav uas tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov koob coke, cov khoom tsis zoo hauv cov khoom siv raw tau raug tshem tawm ua ntej coking.
(2) Kev soj ntsuam ntawm kev teeb meem hauv kev qeeb coking ntawm roj av koob coke
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm rab koob coke yog qhov nyuaj, thiab muaj cov kev xav tau siab ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm ib puag ncig qhov kub thiab txias kev ua haujlwm siab hauv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb. Nws yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm cov txheej txheem coking ntawm koob coke ntau lawm seb lub siab, lub sijhawm thiab qhov kub thiab txias ntawm coke tuaj yeem tswj tau tiag tiag thiab tsim nyog, kom lub sijhawm tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ua tau raws li tus qauv yuav tsum tau ua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev ua kom zoo dua qub thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txheej txheem coking tsis thiab cov qauv kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom zoo dua qub thiab kev txhim kho zoo ntawm tag nrho cov koob coke ntau lawm.
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv lub tshuab cua sov rau kev hloov pauv kub yog ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm raws li tus qauv hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm rab koob coke kom lub ambient kub tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Qhov tseeb, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv kub yog los txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coking tuaj yeem ua tau nyob rau hauv qhov chaw qeeb thiab qis kub thaum ncua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coking, thiaj li ua kom muaj ntxhiab tsw, xyuas kom meej qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov molecules, kom ntseeg tau tias lawv tuaj yeem ua tau. tau taw qhia thiab khov kho nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim siab, thiab txhawb kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub xeev. Lub qhov cub cua sov yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm cov roj av koob coke, thiab muaj qee yam kev cai thiab cov qauv rau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, uas tsis tuaj yeem qis dua qhov qis tshaj ntawm 476 ℃ thiab tsis tuaj yeem tshaj qhov txwv siab tshaj ntawm 500. ℃. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias qhov cub yog cov khoom siv loj thiab cov chaw, peb yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau qhov zoo ntawm txhua tus pej thuam ntawm rab koob coke: txhua tus pej thuam hauv cov txheej txheem pub mis, vim qhov kub thiab txias. , siab, huab cua ceev thiab lwm yam hloov pauv, yog li lub coke ntauwd tom qab coke tsis sib xws, nruab nrab thiab qis dua. Yuav ua li cas kom daws tau qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov zoo sib xws ntawm koob coke kuj yog ib qho teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau xav txog hauv kev tsim cov koob coke.
5. Kev soj ntsuam txog kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm roj av koob coke
(a) Txhawb nqa kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov roj av hauv tsev rab koob coke
Kev siv tshuab thiab kev ua lag luam ntawm koob tsom tau raug tswj hwm los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab Nyij Pooj. Tam sim no, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb zus tau tej cov koob coke nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, tseem muaj ib co teeb meem, xws li tsis ruaj tsis khov, tsis muaj coke zog thiab ntau hmoov coke. Txawm hais tias cov koob coke tsim tau siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab thiab ultra-high-power graphite electrodes nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov loj-inch ultra-high-power graphite electrodes hauv ntau qhov ntau. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, peb cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm rab koob tsom iav tsis tau tso tseg, thiab cov khoom lag luam zoo yuav txuas ntxiv txhim kho. Shanxi Hongte Coal Chemical Co., LTD., Sinosteel Coal ntsuas koob coke, Jinzhou Petrochemical Co., LTD. Roj series koob coke units tau mus txog 40,000-50,000 tons / xyoo teev, thiab tuaj yeem khiav ruaj khov, txhim kho qhov zoo.
(2) Kev thov hauv tsev rau roj av koob coke txuas ntxiv mus
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlau thiab hlau kev lag luam yuav tsum muaj ntau ntawm ultra-siab zog electrodes thiab siab zog electrodes. Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no, qhov kev thov rau koob coke rau ultra high power electrode thiab siab zog electrode ntau lawm yog loj hlob sai, kwv yees li ntawm 250,000 tons ib xyoo. Cov zis ntawm hluav taws xob rauv hlau hauv Suav teb yog tsawg dua 10%, thiab lub ntiaj teb qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov hluav taws xob rau hluav taws xob hlau tau mus txog 30%. Peb cov hlau seem tau mus txog 160 lab tons. Raws li qhov xwm txheej tam sim no nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, kev txhim kho ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog qhov yuav tsum tau zam, qhov tsis txaus ntawm rab koob coke mov yuav yog qhov kev zam. Yog li ntawd, kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau coj los ua kom cov khoom siv raw thiab txhim kho txoj kev tsim khoom kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev tsim khoom.
(3) Kev nthuav dav ntawm kev lag luam xav tau txhawb nqa kev txhim kho hauv tsev R & D qib thev naus laus zis
Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov nce ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm rab koob-scorch yuav tsum muaj kev nrawm hauv kev txhim kho ntawm rab koob-scorch. Thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev loj hlob thiab zus tau tej cov koob-scorch, cov neeg soj ntsuam tau paub ntau thiab ntau paub txog cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov koob-scorch, nce kev tshawb fawb, thiab tsim me me thiab pilot test chaw kom tau txais kev sim cov ntaub ntawv los qhia ntau lawm. Kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm rab koob coke tau raug txhim kho tas li kom tau raws li qhov xav tau loj hlob. Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, lub ntiaj teb cov roj tsis txaus thiab cov ntsiab lus sulfur nce ntxiv txwv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov roj system koob coke. Cov khoom siv raw khoom tshiab pretreatment muaj chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov roj series koob coke tau tsim thiab muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv Shandong Yida New Material Co., LTD., thiab cov khoom siv zoo heev ntawm cov roj series koob coke tau raug tsim tawm, uas yuav ua kom zoo dua qub. zoo thiab tso zis ntawm roj series koob coke.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-07-2022