Cov ntaub ntawv graphite electrode tshiab tau ua tiav kev txhim kho zoo hauv cov khoom siv kho tshuab, cov khoom siv thermal, kev ruaj khov tshuaj lom neeg, thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo. Sawv cev los ntawm carbon fiber-reinforced graphite thiab isostatic graphite, lawv cov kev ua tau zoo tseem ceeb thiab cov nqi siv yog raws li nram no:
I. Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Graphite: Kev Txhim Kho Tshiab hauv Cov Khoom Siv Kho Tshuab
1. Lub zog thiab Modulus Surge
Los ntawm kev qhia me me ntawm graphene (0.075 wt%) rau hauv PAN carbon fibers, lawv lub zog tensile ncav cuag 1916 MPa, thiab Young's modulus ncav cuag 233 GPa, sawv cev rau kev nce ntawm 225% thiab 184%, feem, piv rau cov PAN carbon fibers ntshiab. Qhov kev tawg tshiab no yog los ntawm graphene qhov kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov qauv carbon fiber microstructure:
- Txo qhov porosity: Qhov ntxiv ntawm graphene ua rau qhov loj ntawm cov qhov sab hauv thiab cov voids hauv cov fibers txo qis, yuav luag tshem tawm cov axial micropores ntawm cov concentration siab dua (0.1 wt%), yog li txo cov ntsiab lus concentration ntawm kev ntxhov siab.
- Cov qauv graphite uas tau txiav txim siab: Raman spectroscopy qhia tau hais tias graphene nanosheets raug puag ncig los ntawm cov qauv graphite uas tsim thaum lub sijhawm PAN carbonization, ua rau muaj cov graphite lattice tiav dua nrog tsawg qhov tsis zoo thiab txhim kho kev taw qhia siv lead ua.
2. Cov Xwm Txheej Thov Ntxiv
- Kev Siv Dav Hlau: Cov khoom sib xyaw ua los ntawm cov roj carbon fiber uas muaj zog dua, nrog rau qhov ceev tsuas yog 60% ntawm cov hlau txhuas thiab muaj peev xwm ua pwm ua ib daim (txo kev siv cov khoom siv txuas), yog siv dav hauv cov khoom siv dav hlau (piv txwv li, siv 50% cov khoom sib xyaw hauv Boeing B-787), lub cev tsheb tua hluav taws, thiab cov khoom siv satellite.
- Kev tsim khoom siab heev: Lawv txoj kev tiv thaiv ablation ua rau lawv tseem ceeb rau cov cav rocket nozzles, cov qauv nuclear reactor core, thiab lwm yam chaw ib puag ncig hnyav.
II. Isostatic Graphite: Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Ntau Yam Khoom
1. Cov Khoom Siv Kho Tshuab: Tshaj Lij Cov Hlau Ib Txwm Muaj
- Lub zog siab thiab isotropy: Los ntawm kev nias isostatic, nws lub zog tensile tshaj 1000 MPa (dhau ntawm cov hlau ib txwm), nrog rau qhov sib piv isotropy ntawm 1.0-1.1, tshem tawm cov qhov tsis zoo anisotropic ntawm cov graphite ib txwm muaj.
- Qhov ceev ceev thiab hnav tsis kam: Nrog qhov ceev ceev ntawm 1.95 g / cm³, lub zog flexural tshaj 80 MPa, thiab lub zog compressive txij li 200–260 MPa, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov nres nres, cov foob, thiab cov kabmob ua haujlwm siab.
2. Cov Khoom Siv Thermal: Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Qab Cov Xwm Txheej Hnyav
- Kev tiv taus kub thiab kev tiv taus thermal shock: Hauv cov huab cua inert, nws lub zog kho tshuab nce mus txog 2500 ° C, nrog rau qhov chaw yaj ntawm 3650 ° C thiab qhov chaw kub ntawm 4827 ° C. Nws cov coefficient qis ntawm thermal expansion txo qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntev, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau cov electrodes hluav taws xob rocket, nozzles, thiab lwm yam khoom kub.
- Kev ua kom sov tau zoo: Nws qhov kev ua kom sov tau zoo heev ua rau cov cua sov tawm sai, ua kom cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tau zoo dua, xws li hauv CZ-hom ib leeg-siv lead ua ke ncaj qha-rub lub cub tawg thermal teb Cheebtsam (crucibles, cua sov).
3. Kev Ruaj Ntseg Tshuaj: Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Sib Tsoo thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Oxidation
Nws tseem ruaj khov nyob rau hauv cov kua qaub muaj zog, alkalis, thiab cov kuab tshuaj organic, tiv taus kev yaig los ntawm cov hlau molten thiab iav, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau cov thawv tshuaj, cov qauv nuclear reactor core, thiab lwm yam chaw corrosive.
4. Kev Ua Tau: Kev Ywj Pheej thiab Kev Ntsuas Tseeb
Nws tuaj yeem ua tshuab rau hauv txhua yam duab kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev tsim qauv nyuaj, xws li cov electrodes rau kev siv hluav taws xob thiab cov pwm graphite rau kev ua hlau tas mus li.
III. Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Taw Qhia Yav Tom Ntej ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Graphite Electrode Tshiab
1. Kev Txhim Kho Kev Lag Luam
- Isostatic graphite: Nws cov feem ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb txuas ntxiv nce siab, nrog rau kev nthuav dav peev xwm hauv Indonesia thiab Morocco ua rau nws txoj haujlwm kev lag luam ruaj khov ntxiv.
- Cov roj carbon fiber-reinforced graphite: Nws tau raug siv los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thoob ntiaj teb ua lub roj teeb thiab yog tus thawj coj hauv kev tsim cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb thawj zaug,Cov Lus Qhia Txog Cov Khoom Siv Nano-Silicon Anode Rau Cov Roj Teeb Lithium-Ion.
2. Kev Txhim Kho Tshiab ntawm Kev Siv Tshuab Yav Tom Ntej
- Kev ua kom cov khoom siv raw zoo dua: Txo qhov loj ntawm cov khoom sib sau ua ke (piv txwv li, los ntawm kev hloov pauv hmoov coke thib ob mus rau 2–5 μm) los txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab.
- Kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm thev naus laus zis graphitization: Kev siv tshuab microwave graphitization txo cov kev siv hluav taws xob los ntawm 30% thiab ua kom luv luv cov voj voog ntau lawm, ua rau muaj kev siv ntau.
- Kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov qauv: Piv txwv li, cov graphite anodes ob chav gradient ua tiav 6-feeb, 60% them sai sai thaum tswj hwm lub zog ceev ntawm ≥230 Wh / kg los ntawm kev faib tawm ob chav ntawm qhov loj me thiab porosity.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Xya Hli-31-2025