Kev ua kom muaj graphitization yog ib qho txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas hloov cov khoom siv carbonaceous amorphous, tsis sib xws mus rau hauv cov qauv crystalline graphitic, nrog nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qib graphitization, cov khoom siv, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo. Hauv qab no yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb thiab kev txiav txim siab txog kev ua graphitization:
I. Cov Qauv Kub ntawm Lub Hauv Paus
Lub Hom Phiaj Kub Ntau
Kev ua kom cov duab graphitization xav tau cua sov cov ntaub ntawv mus rau 2300–3000 ℃, qhov twg:
- 2500 ℃ yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txo qis qhov sib nrug ntawm graphite interlayer, pib tsim cov qauv txiav txim siab;
- Thaum 3000 ℃, kev ua graphitization yuav luag tiav, nrog rau qhov sib nrug ntawm cov txheej txheem ruaj khov ntawm 0.3354 nm (tus nqi graphite zoo tagnrho) thiab qib graphitization tshaj 90%.
Lub Sijhawm Tuav Kub Siab
- Tswj qhov kub thiab txias rau 6-30 teev kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kub ntawm lub cub tawg sib npaug;
- Yuav tsum tau tuav ntxiv 3-6 teev thaum lub sijhawm muab hluav taws xob kom tiv thaiv kev rov qab los ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab zam kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov lattice uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv kub.
II. Kev Tswj Xyuas Qhov Kub
Txoj Kev Npaj Ua Kub Theem
- Theem cua sov pib (0–1000 ℃): Tswj ntawm 50 ℃ / teev kom txhawb kev tso tawm maj mam ntawm cov volatiles (piv txwv li, tar, roj) thiab tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm lub cub tawg;
- Theem cua sov (1000–2500 ℃): Nce mus txog 100 ℃/h thaum qhov hluav taws xob tsis kam txo qis, nrog rau qhov tam sim no kho kom tswj tau lub zog;
- Theem rov ua ke kub siab (2500–3000 ℃): Tuav rau 20–30 teev kom ua tiav kev kho qhov tsis zoo ntawm lattice thiab kev hloov pauv microcrystalline.
Kev Tswj Xyuas Uas Tsis Txawj Hloov Pauv
- Cov khoom siv raw yuav tsum tau sib xyaw raws li cov ntsiab lus volatile kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib sau ua ke hauv zos;
- Muaj cov qhov cua nkag rau hauv cov rwb thaiv tsev sab saud kom ntseeg tau tias cov pa phem tawm tau zoo;
- Qhov nkhaus cua sov raug qeeb thaum lub sijhawm muaj cua sov siab tshaj plaws (piv txwv li, 800–1200 ℃) kom tiv thaiv kev kub hnyiab tsis tiav thiab tsim pa luam yeeb dub.
III. Kev Txhim Kho Qhov Chaw Thauj Khoom Rau Hauv Qhov Cub
Kev Faib Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Ib Txwm Muaj
- Cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau faib kom sib npaug ntawm lub taub hau cub tawg mus rau tus tw ntawm kev thauj khoom ntev kom tiv thaiv cov kab hluav taws xob los ntawm kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom me me;
- Cov crucibles tshiab thiab siv lawm yuav tsum tau sib xyaw kom zoo thiab txwv tsis pub muab sib tshooj ua ntau txheej kom tsis txhob kub dhau vim muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm kev tiv thaiv.
Kev Xaiv Khoom Siv Pab thiab Kev Tswj Qhov Loj ntawm Cov Khoom Me Me
- ≤10% ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pabcuam yuav tsum muaj cov khoom me me 0–1 hli kom txo qis qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev tiv thaiv;
- Cov ntaub ntawv pabcuam uas muaj tshauv tsawg (<1%) thiab cov khoom siv uas tsis hloov pauv ntau (<5%) raug muab tso ua ntej kom txo tau cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nqus cov khoom tsis huv.
IV. Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Txias thiab Kev Tshem Tawm
Txheej Txheem Txias Ntuj
- Txwv tsis pub siv dej txau kom txias; hloov chaw, cov ntaub ntawv raug tshem tawm ib txheej dhau ib txheej siv cov cuab yeej rub lossis cov cuab yeej nqus kom tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm kev ntxhov siab los ntawm cua sov;
- Lub sijhawm txias yuav tsum yog ≥7 hnub kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kub thiab txias maj mam hloov pauv hauv cov khoom siv.
Kub thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Crust
- Qhov kev tshem tawm zoo tshaj plaws tshwm sim thaum cov crucibles ncav cuag ~ 150 ℃; kev tshem tawm ua ntej lub sijhawm ua rau cov khoom oxidation (nce thaj chaw tshwj xeeb) thiab crucible puas tsuaj;
- Ib daim tawv nqaij tuab 1–5 hli (muaj cov khoom tsis huv me me) tsim rau ntawm cov nplaim crucible thaum lub sijhawm tshem tawm thiab yuav tsum tau khaws cia cais, nrog rau cov khoom tsim nyog ntim rau hauv lub hnab ton rau kev xa khoom.
V. Kev Ntsuas Qib Graphitization thiab Kev Sib Raug Zoo ntawm Cov Khoom
Cov Txheej Txheem Ntsuas
- X-ray Diffraction (XRD): Xam qhov sib nrug ntawm cov txheej d002 ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws ntawm (002), nrog rau qib graphitization g uas tau los ntawm kev siv Franklin tus qauv:
g = 0.00860.3440−2c0×100%
(qhov twg c0 yog qhov ntsuas qhov sib nrug ntawm cov txheej txheem; g = 84.05% thaum d002 = 0.3360nm).
- Raman Spectroscopy: Kwv yees qib graphitization los ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm qhov muaj zog ntawm D-peak mus rau G-peak.
Kev Cuam Tshuam Rau Vaj Tse
- Txhua qhov nce 0.1 hauv qib graphitization txo qhov resistivity los ntawm 30% thiab nce thermal conductivity los ntawm 25%;
- Cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj graphite ntau (>90%) ua tiav qhov conductivity txog li 1.2 × 10⁵ S/m, txawm hais tias qhov cuam tshuam tawv yuav poob qis, xav tau cov txheej txheem khoom siv sib xyaw kom sib npaug kev ua tau zoo.
VI. Kev Txhim Kho Cov Txheej Txheem Siab Dua
Kev ua kom pom tseeb ntawm cov duab catalytic
- Cov catalysts hlau/nickel tsim Fe₃C/Ni₃C theem nruab nrab, txo qhov kub ntawm graphitization mus rau 2200 ℃;
- Cov tshuaj boron catalysts sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg carbon los txhawb kev txiav txim, xav tau 2300 ℃.
Kev Ua Graphitization Kub Heev
- Plasma arc cua sov (argon plasma core kub: 15,000 ℃) ua tiav qhov kub ntawm qhov chaw ntawm 3200 ℃ thiab graphitization degrees > 99%, tsim rau nuclear-grade thiab aerospace-grade graphite.
Microwave Graphitization
- 2.45 GHz microwaves ua rau muaj kev co ntawm cov pa roj carbon atom, ua rau muaj cua sov ntawm 500 ℃ / feeb yam tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv, txawm hais tias txwv rau cov khoom nyias-phab ntsa (<50 mm).
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Cuaj hlis-04-2025