Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm graphitized petroleum coke ua si li cas hauv cov txheej txheem luv luv thiab cov pa roj carbon tsawg ntawm cov hluav taws xob arc furnaces?

Lub Luag Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Graphitized Petroleum Coke hauv Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Cov Txheej Txheem Luv thiab Low-Carbon Steelmaking

I. Cov Khoom Siv Raw Tseem Ceeb rau Graphite Electrodes, Txhawb Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo ntawm EAF Cov Txheej Txheem Luv

1. Cov Yam Ntxwv Khoom Siv Raw thiab Kev Sib Haum Xeeb ntawm Cov Txheej Txheem Graphitized petroleum coke yog cov khoom tsim los ntawm petroleum coke uas raug graphitization ntawm qhov kub tshaj 2,500 ° C, hloov nws cov qauv siv lead ua los ntawm lub xeev amorphous mus rau daim ntawv graphite uas tau txiav txim siab heev. Nws muaj kev ua hluav taws xob siab, kev ua kom sov siab, kev tiv taus cua sov heev (twb tiv taus qhov kub siab tshaj 3,000 ° C), thiab kev ruaj khov tshuaj lom neeg. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau nws yog cov khoom siv raw zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov graphite electrodes, uas yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv EAF steelmaking.

2. Kev Txhim Kho Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo Hauv Kev Ua Hlau Luv Luv Cov txheej txheem luv luv EAF feem ntau siv cov hlau seem ua cov khoom noj, yaj nws ncaj qha thiab oxidizing cov khoom tsis huv los ntawm cov hluav taws xob arcs tsim los ntawm graphite electrodes. Piv rau cov txheej txheem ntev ntawm lub cub tawg-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) (uas xav tau hlau ore thiab coking thee), cov txheej txheem luv luv EAF tshem tawm theem ua hlau, txo cov txheej txheem ntev dua 60%, txiav kev siv hluav taws xob ze li ntawm 60%, thiab txo cov pa CO₂ los ntawm kwv yees li 80%. Graphitized roj av coke-based high-performance graphite electrodes ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem no:

• Kev Ua Hluav Taws Xob Siab: Txo qhov poob hluav taws xob, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thermal arc, thiab luv luv cov voj voog smelting (piv txwv li, quantum EAFs txo lub sijhawm smelting los ntawm 50% piv rau cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj).
• Kev Tiv Thaiv Kub: Tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias heev hauv EAFs, txo kev siv electrode (piv txwv li, eco-EAFs txiav kev siv electrode los ntawm 57.5% piv rau cov cub tawg ib txwm muaj).
• Kev Ruaj Ntseg Tshuaj: Tiv thaiv kev sib xyaw ntawm cov electrodes thiab cov hlau molten lossis slag, ua kom cov hlau huv.

II. Tsav Tsheb Ua Hlau Uas Muaj Cov Pa roj Carbon Tsawg: Kev Hloov Pauv Ntsuab Los Ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Raw Mus Rau Cov Txheej Txheem

1. Hloov Cov Roj Fossil Kom Txo Cov Pa roj Carbon Cov txheej txheem ntev ib txwm siv thee ua roj thiab txo cov pa roj carbon, ua rau muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau. Qhov sib txawv, cov txheej txheem luv luv EAF siv cov hlau seem thiab hluav taws xob ua nws lub zog, ua tiav "coal-to-electricity" hloov los ntawm graphitized petroleum coke-derived graphite electrodes. Yog tias siv los ntawm lub zog rov ua dua tshiab (piv txwv li, hnub ci lossis cua), ze li xoom carbon emissions ua tau. Piv txwv li, eco-EAFs siv lub zog ntsuab los smelt cov khoom siv raw qis-carbon, tsim cov hlau billets nrog "tsis muaj carbon-involved" technologies thiab ze li xoom CO₂ emissions.

2. Kev Rov Qab Kub Pov Tseg thiab Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Zoo Tshaj Plaws Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov roj av coke graphitized txhawb nqa kev siv cov txheej txheem rov qab kub pov tseg hauv EAFs. Cov pa roj flue uas muaj hmoov av kub heev (nqa 11–20% ntawm lub zog nkag) tuaj yeem rov qab tau cua sov los ntawm cov electrodes graphite lossis cov khoom hloov pauv cua sov tshwj xeeb rau kev ua kom sov lossis tsim hluav taws xob, txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob. Piv txwv li, cov thev naus laus zis ua kom sov ua rau cov khoom seem kub ntawm ib puag ncig mus rau ntau dua 600 ° C, luv luv cov voj voog smelting los ntawm 15–20% thiab txiav kev siv hluav taws xob ib tuj ntawm cov hlau los ntawm 36.95–40.22%.

3. Txhawb Kev Siv Cov Khoom Siv Hlau Uas Siv Tau Txhua Qhov Chaw Cov txheej txheem luv luv ntawm EAF, uas siv roj av coke graphitized, hloov kev lag luam hlau los ntawm tus qauv "cov khoom siv-cov khoom pov tseg" mus rau lub voj voog "cov khoom siv-cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab". Los ntawm xyoo 2024, cov tuam txhab ua lag luam tau ua tiav kev tsim cov hlau kub-stamping uas nyias heev, muaj zog heev rau tsheb, ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua kom lub cev hnyav thaum sib npaug tus nqi thiab cov txiaj ntsig ib puag ncig ntawm "hlau ntsuab."

III. Kev Txhim Kho Txuj Ci thiab Kev Lag Luam: Tus Nqi "Grey" ntawm Graphitized Petroleum Coke Ci ntsa iab

1. Kev Xav Tau Khoom Siv Zoo Tshaj Plaws Thaum EAF muaj peev xwm nthuav dav (piv txwv li, cov cub tawg tshaj 400 tons) thiab cov thev naus laus zis smelting nce qib (piv txwv li, quantum EAFs, eco-EAFs), kev xav tau cov electrodes graphite zoo nce siab. Graphitized petroleum coke, ua cov khoom siv raw tseem ceeb, ntsib kev sib tw ntau dua li kev huv (cov tshauv ntsiab lus <0.5%), ntau yam impregnations (3-4 lub voj voog), thiab ultra-high-temperature graphitization (resistivity <4 μΩ·m).

2. Kev Them Nqi Ntsuab thiab Kev Koom Tes Ua Ke Hauv Suav Teb lub hom phiaj "ob lub carbon", cov neeg tsim cov roj av coke graphitized txo cov pa roj carbon los ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob ntsuab thiab kev lag luam carbon, khwv tau "cov nqi ntsuab" thiab nyiam cov neeg siv khoom thoob ntiaj teb. Cov tuam txhab ua lag luam tseem tab tom nthuav dav los tsim cov voj voog kev lag luam sib koom ua ke uas suav nrog "cov khoom siv raw coke-graphitization-anode," tswj cov saw hlau thiab txiav cov nqi.

3. Txoj Cai thiab Cov Cai Loj Hlob Uas Ua Los Ntawm Kev Ua Lag Luam xws li Cov Lus Qhia ntawm Tuam Tshoj txog Kev Txhawb Kev Txhim Kho Zoo ntawm Kev Lag Luam Hlau txhawb kom siv EAF, nrog rau EAF cov feem pua ​​​​​​ntawm kev ua hlau kwv yees tias yuav nce siab heev los ntawm xyoo 2025. Raws li cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau EAFs, graphitized petroleum coke yuav pom kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua lag luam, tsav kev lag luam mus rau kev ua tau zoo dua thiab txo qis pa phem.